CAR-GB 17930-2006 motor gasoline

Foreword The standard for the mandatory provisions of Chapter 5, the rest is recommended articles. This standard is in the GB l7930-1999 "car to unleaded petrol" on the basis of taking into account has been implemented and will be the implementation of more stringent vehicle emission regulatory requirements, GB l7930-1999 to amend it. Instead of the standard GB l7930-1999 "car to unleaded petrol." The Standards and GB l7930-1999 and 1, 2, 3, compared to amend the single major change as follows: -- Standard name is amended as follows: "automotive gasoline"; -- Chapter 5 of the requirements and test methods to increase Table 2; -- Motor gasoline brands from the "90,93,95 'is amended as" 90,93,97 "; -- Chapter 1 of the increase in "Table 1 of the present technical requirements of the standard of motor gasoline to meet GB l8352.2 requirements; Table 2 of the present technical requirements of the standard of motor gasoline to meet GB l8352.3 phase in the requirements of Part III "; -- Normative documents cited in the increase and the deletion of some use standards; -- Motor gasoline in the methanol content was revised to "not more than 0.3% (mass)"; -- The original standard Note 1) to amend a footnote to this standard: "automotive gasoline, no artificially by adding methanol and the lead or iron-containing additives." ; -- Olefin and aromatics content of the Notes to amend the standards-based e footnote: "For 97 of motor gasoline, olefins, aromatics content control of the premises, the maximum permissible Aromatics (volume fraction) of 42%. Determination of dispute in time to GB / T 11132, whichever is determined results. "; -- GB l7930-1999 No. 3 single amend Article VII "... manganese content in petrol refers to methyl cyclopentadienyl manganese three carbonyl (MMT) in the form of the manganese content ..." Laws - based standards footnote f: "manganese content in petrol refers to the three-Cyclopentadiene carbonyl manganese form the total manganese content, not by adding other types of manganese additives. "; -- Lift the standards of Appendix A, Appendix B and Appendix C; -- Lift the standards of Notes 1, 2, 3, Note 2), 3), 5) and 7). The standards become effective implementation, Table 2 provides technical requirements for the transition period to December 31, 2009. The standards proposed by the China Petrochemical Corporation. By this standard petroleum products and lubricants National Technical Committee of Standardization centralized. This standard drafting units: China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation Petrochemical Institute of Science and Technology. The drafters of the major standards: Nibei, CHEN Yan, Yang, Yong-Guang Zhang, Liu Shuntao. This standard was first released in 1999, this amendment for the first time. GB 17930-2006 Motor gasoline Gasoline for motor vehicles -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ Scope 1 By the standards for liquid hydrocarbons and liquid hydrocarbon and by improving the use of the additive properties of motor gasoline requirements and test methods, sampling and signs, packaging, transport and storage. The standards apply to their products - ignited internal combustion engines for fuel. Table 1 of the present technical requirements of the standard of motor gasoline to meet GB l8352.2 requirements; Table 2 of the present technical requirements of the standard of motor gasoline to meet GB l8352.3 phase in the requirements of Part III. 2 normative documents cited The following documents in the articles cited by the standards have become the standard provisions. All documents cited date of the Note, all its subsequent amendments alone (not including the contents of Correction) or revised edition of this standard are not applicable, however, under this standard to encourage the parties to reach an agreement on whether to use the latest version of these documents. Note date are not in the quoted document, and its latest version of the standard applicable to this. GB / T 259 of petroleum products in water-soluble acid and alkali Law GB / T 260 Water Determination of petroleum products GB / T 380 of sulfur content in oil products (Lamp Law) GB / T petrol with an octane number of 503 (motor) GB / T 511 petroleum products and additives mechanical impurities method (gravimetric method) GB / T in 1792 mercaptan sulfur distillate fuel Determination Act (potentiometric titration) GB / T 4756 oil liquid manual sampling method (GB / T 4756-1998, eqvISO 3170:1988) GB / T 5096 petroleum products copper corrosion test GB / T 5487 with an octane number of gasoline (research) GB / T 6536 distillation method of petroleum products GB / T 8017 petroleum products vapor pressure method (Randt Law) GB / T 8018 oxidation stability of gasoline (induction period Act) GB / T 8019 motor gasoline and aviation fuel actual glial method (spray evaporation) (GB / T 8019-1987, neq ISO 6246:1981) GB / T 8020 Determination of Lead in petrol (AAS) GB / T 11132 hydrocarbon liquid petroleum products Determination Act (fluorescent indicator adsorption) GB / T 11140 sulfur content of petroleum products (X-ray spectrometry) GB / T 17040 sulfur content of petroleum products (energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry) GB 18352.2 light vehicle pollutant discharge limits and measurement method (II) GB l8352.3 light vehicle pollutant discharge limits and measurement method (China III, IV stage) SH 0164 petroleum products packaging, storage and delivery acceptance rules SH / T 0174 aromatics and light petroleum products mercaptan qualitative test method (Ph.D. Test) (SH / T 0174-1992, eqv ISO 5275:1979) SH / T 0253 light petroleum products in the determination of total sulfur content (power law) SH / T 0663 petrol in certain alcohols and ethers Determination Act (GC) SH / T 0689 and the engine light hydrocarbon fuel and other oil of the total sulfur content in crystal method (UV fluorescence) SH / T 0693 aromatics content in gasoline Determination Act (GC) SH / T 0711 manganese content in gasoline Determination Act (AAS) SH / T 0712 in the iron content of gasoline (AAS) SH / T 0713 cars with gasoline and aviation gasoline in the content of benzene and toluene Determination (GC) SH / T 0741 ethnic composition of hydrocarbons in gasoline Determination Act (multidimensional GC) SH / T 0742 sulfur content in gasoline Determination Act (energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry) 3 terminology and definitions The following terms and definitions apply to this standard. 3.1 Antiknock index antiknock index Research Octane Number (RON) and motor octane number (MON) and one half. 4 classification and identification 4.1 Product Categories Motor gasoline octane number by the research is divided into 90, 93 and 97 of the three brands. 4.2 products mark Sales to customers in line with the standards of Table 1 or Table 2 of the technical requirements for motor gasoline used by tanker and containers should be marked with the following sign: "90 of petrol (II)", "No. 93 gasoline (II)", "97 of petrol (II)" or "90 , petrol (Ⅲ), "" No. 93 gasoline (iii) "," 97 of petrol (iii) "and the logo should motorist can see places. 5 requirements and test methods Motor gasoline (II) and motor gasoline (iii) the technical requirements and test methods shown in Table 1, Table 2. 6 sampling Sampling by GB / T 4756, from 4 L as a factory test and stay kind used. Motor gasoline as manganese, sampling should be light. 7 signs, packaging, transport and storage Signs, packaging, transport and storage and delivery inspection conducted by SH 0164. Motor gasoline as manganese, transport and storage should be light.

CAR-QC / T 698.1-2004 vehicles Document Part 1: technical parameters of vehicle registration table (1)

Foreword QC / T 698-2004 "vehicles that document" will be divided into several parts, the Department is divided into QC / T 698-2004 in Part 1, other parts will be developed in the future. Vehicle manufacturers can refer some of the provisions of the "technical parameters motor vehicle registration table" for the new production vehicles product preparation attendant documentation, to illustrate technical parameters vehicle product registration information. The Department is divided into the first release. This is part of the normative Appendix A Appendix B Appendix Appendix for information. This part by the China Association of Automobile Industry. This part by the National Technical Committee of Standardization centralized vehicle. This part of the drafting units: China Automotive Technology Research Center, Tianjin Public Security Bureau vehicle management. Some of the main authors of this: Tong Zhu, GENG Lei, Wang Yulin. QC / T 698.1-2004 Vehicles Document Part 1: technical parameters of vehicle registration -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ Scope 1 QC / T 698 of this part provides for the production of new vehicles registered with the "motor vehicle registration table technical parameters" should indicate the project and the adoption of the format. This part applies to motor vehicles and chassis, the semi-trailer. 2 normative documents cited Following adoption of the provisions in the document QC / T 698 of this to become part of the quoted provisions of this part. All documents cited date of the Note, all its subsequent amendments alone (not including the contents of Correction) or revised edition are not applicable to this part, however, under this part to encourage the parties to reach an agreement on whether to use the latest version of these documents. Note date are not in the quoted document, and its latest version apply to this part. GB / T 788 books and magazine format and the format size (neq ISO6716: 1983) GB / T 3730.1-2001 car and trailer types of terms and definitions GB / T 18284-2000 rapid response matrix code Type 3 3.1 "technical parameters motor vehicle registration table" should be used GB / T 788 provisions of the Series A standard A4 paper format (210 mm × 297mm). 3.2 "technical parameters motor vehicle registration table" format, see Appendix A. 3.3 "technical parameters motor vehicle registration table," should use white black, the authors should be used fonts, Text the word should be used on the 5th. 3.4 "technical parameters motor vehicle registration table" could be forgery of, but should ensure that the "technical parameters motor vehicle registration table" project and clarity, for easy recognition, bar code readers easy. 4 general requirements 4.1 vehicle manufactured products, vehicle manufacturers should be a vehicle for each product attendant dispensed "technical parameters motor vehicle registration table." For the chassis (or vehicle) manufactured on the basis of the modified vehicle products, vehicle manufacturers should be modified cars for each of the products attendant dispensed chassis (or vehicle) and the modified car products "technical parameters motor vehicle registration table." 4.2 vehicle manufacturers and printing companies should complete the "motor vehicle registration technical parameters" and the application without completing the project "/" or "one" footprint. 4.3 "technical parameters motor vehicle registration table," should be a parameter in determining the value and are not allowed to choose interval data or item description, not altered. 5 project requirements 5.1 vehicle manufacturers such as name Vehicle manufacturers should complete integrity enterprises name. For example: China First Automobile Group Corporation Siping exclusive automobile plant. 5.2 Vehicle Type Vehicle type shall, in accordance with GB / T 3730.1-2001 regulations to fill. For example: passenger cars, trucks, tractor-semitrailer tractor, buses, trailers, and special vehicles. Vehicle Type B can also be in accordance with Appendix Table B.1 and the requirement to fill in Table B.2. For example: Large ordinary buses, and medium-sized flat panel trucks, light minivan semi-trailer. The chassis products, vehicle type chassis into the second category, three types of chassis. 5.3 vehicle brand Fill in the form of vehicle brand: English brand vehicles (between Chinese and English by "/" segregation) or Chinese vehicle brands, Chinese brand vehicles must be filled out, there should be behind the "licensing", the English vehicle brand optional. For example: Polaris licensing / BORA, the liberation of licensing. 5.4 vehicle models Fill vehicle models should be complete code. For example: For CAl047EL2-laden car to fill CAl047EL2. Body Color 5.5 Body color should complete description of the characters. For a single color vehicles, body color shall, in accordance with white, gray, yellow, pink, red, purple, green, blue, brown, black and other classified filled in; For multi-color vehicles, body color shall, in accordance with the three larger color fill and color for the structure from top to bottom, from downward to fill in, Yen before and after the color of the structure, the former backwards to fill in, color and color between the "/"; Body colors in the decorative lines, decorative, and not in accordance with the multi-color vehicles fill. The second category chassis without completing the body color. Chassis Model 5.6 Complete chassis models should be complete code. For example: EQ3208GJ. On the basis of the modified vehicle vehicles, the vehicle fill in the original models. Once completed manufacture of vehicles without completing the chassis models. For example: car, bus loading - body, semi-trailer, class 2 or three types of chassis, and some trucks. 5.7 vehicle identification code (VIN) Carved should fill in the actual fighting vehicle identification code (VIN). 5.8 Engine, Motor vehicles should be used, the engine (including engine models and engine numbers). Modified cars, semi-trailer, without completing the engine. 5.9 Engine Model Engine models should be complete integrity code. Semi-trailer, modified car without completing the engine models. 5.10 types of fuel Fuel types of vehicles should be in accordance with the actual type of fuel used to fill in the corresponding Chinese characters, fuel types can be divided into gasoline, diesel, hybrid oil, natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, steam days dual fuel, vapor-liquid dual fuel, diesel-day dual fuel, diesel-liquid dual fuel, methanol, ethanol, electricity, and solar energy . Semi-trailer, modified car without completing the types of fuel. 5.11 emission standards Based on the test should be completed by the existing national standard number and year format: GB standards of a year. For example: GB 18352.2-2001. Semi-trailer, modified products without completing the vehicle emission standards. 5.12 displacement (mL) and power (kW) Should complete engine displacement (units mL) and power (kW units). Semi-trailer, modified car without completing the displacement or power. 5.13 to form Shall fill out the "steering wheel." Semi-trailer, car products without modification to the form filled out. 5.14 Wheelbase (before / after) Followed by the location axle fill Wheelbase, the middle "/" segregation; Frontline two-axle layout should be in accordance with "the same line wheelbase + uniaxial Wheelbase" approach to fill, flat mm. Modified car without completing Wheelbase. Several tire 5.15 The installation should be completed in the total number of vehicles on the tires (not including your spare wheel). Modified car tires without completing a few. 5.16 tire specifications Before and after the tire with the same specifications, can only fill one; Before and after the specifications do not tire at the same time, should be "front tire models / rear tire models" to fill in the form. Modified car without completing tire specifications. A few leaf spring tablets 5.17 The leaf springs used vehicles should be in line with "front axle leaf spring tablets / rear axle leaf spring tablets / axle leaf spring-third of" unilateral leaf spring type fill several films, non-leaf spring with the "one." Deputy spring by the main structure of the vehicle leaf spring, in accordance with the "principal deputy reed few + reed few" fill in the form, flat film. Do not use leaf springs for vehicles, cars, modified cars without completing the spring-plate number. 5.18 wheelbase The wheelbase vehicles should be used for multi-axle vehicles, respectively, should fill in between two adjacent shaft wheelbase, between the "+" separating units mm. Modified car without completing the wheelbase. 5.19 axle few The shaft should fill in a few vehicles. Modified car without completing the shaft few. 5.20, profile size (length x width x height) The vehicles should be used, profile size, flat mm. Three types of chassis without completing high. 5.21 invisible internal dimensions (length x width x height) Farm vehicles should have to fill in the carriage house size vehicles, units mm. Cars, buses, class 2 or three chassis sizes without completing the carriage house. Total Quality 522 Vehicles should fill in the total quality, flat kg. Quality Rated contained 5.23 Rated contained shall fill out the quality, flat kg. Cars, buses, class 2 or three types of chassis, not used for loading goods vehicles are not required to fill in the rated quality. 5.24 Corvette Should complete vehicle windscreen, flat kg. The utilization factor of 5.25 set Quality should complete set of coefficients, the formula is as follows: Contains quality utilization factor = loading quality (Quality + rated rated crew contained quality) (kg) / vehicle equipment quality (kg) Cars, buses, semi-trailer, class 2 or three chassis contains no need to fill in the quality of the utilization factor. 5.26 quasi-total quality traction When vehicles with traction functions should be filled out prospective traction total quality, flat kg. 5.27 rated capacity Rated should fill in the number of passengers (including the driver), the unit people. Truck, semi-trailer, class 2 or three chassis without completing the rated capacity. 5.28 Semi-trailer saddle the maximum allowable total quality Products and semi-trailer tractor saddle should fill the maximum allowable total quality, flat kg. 5.29 x number of prospective cab Based on the "front-room by room number + x number of other quasi-row" form filled out by prospective cab number (excluding sleeper Approved), the unit people. Cars, buses, semi-trailer, three chassis-cab by not completing the number. 5.30 vehicle production date Vehicles should fill in the production date, format for years, for example, on March 3, 2003. 5.31 maximum speed Vehicles should fill in the maximum speed units km / h. 5.32 two-dimensional bar code "Vehicle technical parameters of the registration table" in the use of the two-dimensional bar code should be consistent with GB/T18284-2000 requirements. 5.33 Remarks The tank cars, tank should be filled out an effective volume; Grid positions for the car, should fill positions Farm gate at the bottom to the top height; If the vehicle option, in the "Remarks" be annotated. The scope option, for example as follows: -- Doors and windows of the structure and volume changes (such as after the double-door, unilateral or bilateral open the door, push-pull or integral side, the top window, etc.); Lamps, mirrors the pattern changes; Overhead air conditioning; Specialized uses for the vehicle display (such as the Special Purpose Vehicle season, bus routes indicators, and so on); Bumper change; overhead luggage rack; car baggage staircase; the roof dome; MTL or tank below the toolbox; Type your spare wheel, shoulder; the vehicle decorative pieces of changes (such as decals, body graphics and text, markers, round brows and radiator mask styles, rear spoilers ). -- Van vehicles Body Structure unchanged, the total mass similar circumstances, its chilled or insulation of special facilities or devices used materials (such as aluminum sheet, plate, glass plate, stainless steel plate, etc.) changes. -- In the same type of stereotyping the second category chassis converted dump truck, the shape of their containers, railway carriage tilted way, tilt Lifting bodies such as structural form changes.

CAR-QC / T 25-2004 car dry friction clutch assembly technical conditions (1)

Dry friction clutch-type automobile assembly technical conditions -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ Scope 1 The standards for the automobile dry friction clutch assembly (including the built-driven assembly and assembly, hereafter referred to clutch) terms and definitions, technical requirements, test methods, testing rules, signs, packaging, transport and storage. This Standard applies to automobile dry friction clutch. 2 normative documents cited The following documents in the articles cited by the standards have become the standard provisions. All documents cited date of the Note, all its subsequent amendments alone (not including the contents of Correction) or revised edition of this standard are not applicable. However, under this standard to encourage the parties to reach an agreement on whether to use the latest version of these documents. Note date are not in the quoted document, and its latest version of the standard applicable to this. QC / T 27-2004 car dry friction clutch assembly bench test method 3 terminology and definitions The following terms and definitions apply to this standard. Separation 3.1 release travel itinerary The required condition, clutch engagement to fully complete from the time of separation from that (pole) itinerary. Separation of the 3.2 release load Separation process, the isolation imposed on the cover assembly that (pole) side of the force. 3.3-lift pressure out Isolation itinerary specified conditions, the work pressure-plane displacement of the points minimum. 3.4 of pressure-pressure plate parallelism tilt Isolation itinerary specified conditions, the work pressure-plane displacement of the points in the difference between the maximum and minimum value. 3.5 coefficient of sliding friction sliding coefficient of friction Isolated from the clutch engagement process, the pressure and friction disc surface film to be completely friction between the surface bonding period, sliding friction torque corresponding to the coefficient of friction. 3.6 Isolation drag torque drag torque The required condition, a follower disc assembly provides both the distance between parallel plates, driven rotating disk assembly can free the minimum torque. 3.7 Isolation drag itinerary free movement The required condition, a follower disk assembly between two parallel plates, the requirement imposed follower disk assembly torque, driven rotating disk assembly can free the two parallel plates with minimum spacing requirements of the state load clamping distance of the poor. 3.8 Anti-Burn a performance adhesive behavior The required temperature, humidity, a clutch Anti-Burn capacity. 3.9 axial compression of cushion resilience The pre-load in a certain premise follower disk assembly imposed on the axial load, the change of its thickness. 3.10 axial compression characteristics cushion deflection characteristic The pre-load in a certain premise follower disk assembly imposed on the axial load, and its thickness changes in the relationship between the axial load. 4 technical requirements 4.1 features cover assembly Isolation refers to 4.1.1 (pole) and the installation of a high degree of deviation from that (pole) end of beating The required condition, Isolation refers to build assembly (pole) and the installation of a high degree of deviation of beating End Table 1 should be not more than the corresponding number Value. Table 1 refers to the separation cover assembly (pole) and the installation of a high degree of deviation is specified numerical End beating mm 4.1.2 separation and isolation of the trip Isolation and separation of the trip should meet the technical documentation requirements. 4.1.3 load characteristics Load characteristics should comply with technical documentation requirements. 4.1.4 pressure out - Pressure-out should meet the technical documentation requirements. 4.1.5 pressure tilt of the disc Pressure should be set in line with the tilt of technical documentation requirements. 4.1.6 unbalance The maximum allowable imbalance of 50 M1 (g mm). M1 cover assembly for the quality of a few kilograms. When M1 is less than 3 kg, the maximum allowable amount for the imbalance of 150 g mm. 4.2 follower disk assembly features 4.2.1 axial compression characteristics The axial compression characteristics should be in line with technical documentation requirements. 4.2.2 thickness deviation and parallelism In require clamping force, driven disc assembly and the thickness of the parallel degree deviation in Table 2 should be consistent with the provisions. Table 2 follower disk assembly deviation and the thickness of the parallel provisions of numerical mm 4.2.3 reverse the damping characteristics Vibration characteristics should be consistent with reverse the technical documentation requirements. 4.2.4 Separation drag torque Isolation should not drag torque greater than the numerical Table 3 provides. Table 3 provides numerical separation drag torque 4.2.5 Separation drag itinerary Provisions for drag torque in Table 3 of the numerical conditions, the trip should be towed from not more than the technical documentation requirements set minimum pressure Lift. 4.2.6 unbalance The maximum allowable quantity imbalance of 120 M2 (g mm). M2 follower disk assembly for the quality of a few kilograms. When M2 is less than 1.5 kg, the maximum allowable imbalance of 1.8 g mm. 4.2.7 coefficient of sliding friction Various types of clutch requested by the coefficient of sliding friction should be consistent with provisions in Table 4. Table 4 provisions of the coefficient of sliding friction 4.2.8 wear resistance 4.2.8.1 by 320 ° C heat load tests, and another 1,000 4,000 Clutch cycle, there must be no friction on the surface crack, foaming, rivet outcrop, and other phenomena. 4.2.8.2 by 320 ° C heat load tests, and another 4,000 1,000 th off circle, friction wear tablets should be allowed to comply with the provisions in Table 5.

CAR-GB 18564-2001 Motor Transport of Dangerous Goods pressure liquid containers (tanks) general technical conditions (1)

All of the technical content standards mandatory. Shipment of this standard technical requirements of flammable liquid tank is the main basis for GB 9419-1988, other technical requirements through investigation and study, summarized, summing up the national standards and related enterprises Detection Point Detection report on. This standard Appendix A, Appendix B is suggested that the appendices. The standards proposed by the People's Republic of China Ministry of Communications. By this standard Highway Traffic Division centralized. This standard is responsible for the drafting units: Traffic Institute of Science and Technology, China Road Transport Association, Tianjin Pathogen Technology Limited. Shanghai chemical goods vehicle transport company, Shanghai Land Transport Management Department, the Transport Management Bureau in Tianjin, Hangzhou Special Purpose Vehicle build plants participated in the drafting. The drafters of the major standards: Guomaowei, Zhi-Liang Zhu, ZHAO He Tak-shing, Zhang Cheng, Li Li Xian Chen locks, Tan Shanglin, HE Zhiqiang. Chinese National Standards Motor Transport of Dangerous Goods pressure liquid containers (tanks) GM technical conditions GB 18564-2001 General specification for normal pressure tank body Of transportation liquid dangerous goods -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ Scope 1 This standard provides motor transport liquid dangerous goods pressure containers (tanks) (hereinafter referred to the tank) technical requirements for the test methods and testing rules. This Standard applies to work for the atmospheric pressure, the design temperature for normal temperature conditions, and the physical and chemical characteristics of the liquid contained in the different material to the motor transport liquid dangerous goods tank. 2 cited standards The following criteria contained in the provisions of this standard through the use of form-based standards and provisions. Publication of this standard, the version shown are valid. All standard will be revised to use this standard the parties should explore the use of the latest version of the following criteria possibility. GB 190-1990 signs of dangerous goods packaging GB / T 539-1995 oil resistance asbestos rubber plate GB / T 3181-1995 Film color standard GB / T 3854-1983 fiber reinforced plastics Papanicolaou (Bakeer) hardness test method GB / T 8237-1987 Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) using liquid unsaturated polyester resin GB 9419-1988 GM light vehicle fuel tank technology GB 12268-1990 dangerous goods Name Table GB 13365-1992 motor vehicle exhaust Mars extinguished Performance requirements and test methods GB 13392-1990 road transport of dangerous goods vehicle signs HG / T 2183-1991 dilute acid-base-resistant rubber hose JB / T 5943-1991 welding pieces of construction machinery GM technical conditions JB / T 4735-1997 welded steel pressure vessel JT / T 230-1995 car electrostatic rubber trailer Strip I. QC / T 484-1999 car paint coating Definition 3 This standard adopts the following definition. 3.1 tank tank body Referring to the cylinder, head, Manhole, Note entrance discharge mouth, and so must be installed and other posed by the Annex to the loading liquid cargo and closed containers assembly, volume greater than 0.45 m3. 3.2 metal tank metal tank body The main means used carbon steel, acid-proof stainless steel, aluminum or aluminum alloy sheet produced by the tank. 3.3 Non-metallic tank non-metallic tank body The main means of glass fiber reinforced plastics produced by the tank. 3.4 atmospheric normal pressure Referring to the work pressure of not more than 72 kPa. 3.5 at room temperature normal atmospheric temperature Referring to normal atmospheric pressure, the metal tank environment temperature range of -40 ° C to +50 ° C, non-metallic tank to -20 ° C to +40 ° C. Four technical conditions 4.1 tank basic requirements 4.1.1 tank should be consistent with the standards require, in accordance with prescribed procedures approved drawings and technical meaning of manufacture. 4.1.2 volume of the tank design, should take full account of the density of liquid in the tank and dignity, and the quality and vehicle match. 4.1.3 raw materials, purchased parts should comply with the relevant provisions of the standard, and factory certification, all components must be examined and passed by the assembly. 4.1.4 Rubber products should be corrosion-resistant and oil resistance, respectively, in line with its performance should HG / T 2183 and GB / T 539 requirements. The cross section 4.1.5 tank for oval, rectangular or circular arc belt. 4.1.6 metal tank requirements 4.1.6.1 should be used tank head Xin Bian - head, dished head, elliptical head, does not allow use of fold-head. 4.1.6.2 head with a welding tank to be used long-wide butt welding joints form, does not allow use of fillet weld. 4.1.6.3 tank liquid contained in the material should be adapted to the nature of the corrosion resistance, corrosion rate should be not more than 0.5 mm / year. Closes material contained in the tank and liquid compatibility see Appendix A (suggested that the appendix), if not mentioned in Appendix A shipment of the liquid, the reference to Appendix A similar liquid. 4.1.6.4 tank surface vertical straightness of lines, within 1 m of not more than 5 mm, length of the rated capacity of not more than 12 m3 tank, not more than 12 mm; The greater than 12 m3 tank, not more than 15 mm. 4.1.6.5 assembly and docking, adjacent longitudinal weld tube section or the distance between the head and weld endpoint adjacent longitudinal weld tube section between the distance, should be not less than 100 mm. 4.1.6.6 and tanks on the welding repair welding, should be consistent with JB / T 4735 requirements. 4.1.6.7 tank inside and outside surface should have no cracks, scratches or corrosion pits obvious injury, such as defects, grinding the depth of the materials used should not exceed the thickness of the negative deviation value. 4.1.7 Non-metallic tank requirements 4.1.1.1 tank materials should be consistent with GB / T 8237 requirements. 4.1.7.2 tank cross section should be round or oval. 4.1.7.3 tank structure of multi-storey composite structure should be adopted by the lining layer, strength layer, the outer surface layer composition. Lining layer by layer and the inner surface composition. 4.1.7.4 contained in the tank with liquid material should match the physical and chemical characteristics. Lining materials for the surface layer enhance carpets, resin content should be greater than 85%. The thickness of 0.5 mm; The inner enhanced materials chopped strand mat and resin content of greater than 70%; The thickness of 2.0 to 2.5 mm. 4.1.7.5 strength resin layer can be made of corrosion-resistant material, fiberglass Twistless thick gauze. Using glass filament winding process, the resin content should be controlled in 30% ~ 35%; Using handmade, the resin content should be 60% to 70%. According to determine the thickness of strength design. 4.1.7.6 should be used in the surface layer of fine Weathering the unsaturated polyester resin as a matrix, when the thickness less than 0.16 mm using glass fiber Dimensional Surface carpet or glass fiber particular twist coarse gauze for enhanced materials, resin content should be greater than 55%, the thickness should be 2. O ~ 2.5mm. 4.1.7.7 oval cans length of the tank cross section axial ratio of not more than 2. 4.1.7.8 head should adopt the ellipsoid-head with its highly appropriate for the short half-axle tank cross section of 1 / 4, but not less than 250 mm. 4.1.7.9-head between the tank and the floor of arc transition, its radius of curvature of not less than 40 mm. 4.1.7.10 the appearance of the tank to be met: the formation bright and clean surface in the tank, mixing with no impurities, no fiber exposed, without visual visible cracks, scratches, defects and shortcomings, such as whitening stratification in the admission (30 × 30) mm2 area of the largest diameter of 4 mm bubbles not more than five, the formation of the surface should be smooth, without the exposed fibers, no uneven color of bubble and serious phenomenon. 4.1.7.11 tank factory Pap test surface hardness value should reach 34 above, the thickness should meet design requirements, there must be no negative tolerance. 4.1.8 tank wall thickness requirements 4.1.8.1 metal tank wall thickness requirements A) using carbon steel and stainless steel manufactured acid tank, the minimum wall thickness should be consistent with the provisions of Table 1. Table 1 carbon steel and stainless steel tanks minimum wall thickness acidproof Tank design capacity / m3 rated capacity / m3 minimum wall thickness / mm of additional corrosion of 1) / mm <11 <9.6 4 1 11 ~ 24 ~ 22 5 1 9.6 ~ 24 ~ 30 22 28 6 1 1) Corrosion additional volume: consists of three parts, namely plate (of) negative deviations, corrosion margin 1), thinning of the processing. 2) corrosion margin: According to the components of liquid material corrosion rate and the design life of the equipment set. B) Use of aluminum and aluminum alloy manufacturing anticorrosion tank, the minimum thickness of 5 mm. 4.1.8.2 use of glass fiber reinforced plastic tank minimum wall thickness should be consistent with the provisions of Table 2. Table 2 glass fiber reinforced plastic tank minimum wall thickness Volume / m3 ≤ 2 2 ~ ~ 6 6 4 4 8 8 ~ 10 ~ 10 ~ 15 Wall thickness / mm 10 12 13 15 18 20 4.2 The pressure tank requirements 4.2.1 flammable liquid in the tank GB 9419-1988 assembly shall meet the provisions of paragraph 4.16.6. 4.2.2 contained in the water-reactive liquid and severe corrosion of highly toxic liquid metal or metal composite tank assembly, under the pressure of 72 kPa, there must be no leakage and permanent deformation. 4.2.3 glass fiber reinforced plastic tank full of water available 48 hours hydrostatic test, or the equivalent of costumes of the hydrostatic pressure test, there must be no leakage and permanent deformation. 4.3 tank surface paint and decals 4.3.1 tank in the paint surface quality should be in line with QC / T 484 requirements, color should be consistent with the provisions of Table 3. All ferrous metal shall be exposed to treated with preservatives.

CAR-Auto Body CAN Bus Control System

I. Introduction CAN Bus CAN Bus German Bosch company Hyundai Motor in order to solve the many control and test equipment and data exchange between the development of a serial data communication protocol. It is a multi-Main Bus, communications medium can be Twisted-pair, coaxial cable or fiber optics, communication rates up to 1 Mbps, range up to 10 km. CAN one of the greatest feature of the agreement is the abolition of the traditional address coding and replaced by blocks of the communications data encoded so that the number of nodes in the network theoretically unlimited. The CAN bus error correction capability has strong support differential transceivers, thus suitable for high-interference environment, and have a longer transmission distance. Therefore, the CAN protocol for distributed measurement and control many areas very attractive. With IC SCM in the car and the wider use of the car more and more electronic control modules, automotive electric bus has become the vehicle of an inevitable trend. Not only can be used to simplify vehicle bus Harness, what is more important is to increase the variety of intelligent function. If the fault detection and voice alarm, and so on. Second, the CAN bus automotive applications At present the car at the main network connectivity using two CAN, a drive system for the high-speed CAN, the rate reached 500 kb / s; Another Body System for Low Speed CAN, the rate is 100 kb / s. CAN drive system is the main target of linking engine controller (ECU), the ABS controller, airbag controllers, combination instrument and so on, they are the basic characteristics of the same, with vehicle traffic control are directly related to the system. CAN main body system connectivity and control of the car inside and outside lighting, light signals, wiper motors and other electrical appliances. At present, the drive system and the body system CAN CAN two independent bus design between the "gateway" to achieve in all resource-sharing between the CAN and data bus all the information back to the dashboard display. Motorists only have to look at the dashboard, one can know whether the various electronic control devices normal work. Third, the Shanghai Tongji car with McNair Technology Co., Ltd. CAN Bus Body Control System With McNair car body CAN Bus CAN bus control system through the body to control electrical appliances, such as cars external lighting, light signals, wiper motors, washing motor, speakers, start motor, after the defrost heater, require lock actuators, fuel tank cover lock actuator, the window of a car after endoscopy and other devices. The entire control system can be used combination of centralized and scattered control mode. A master module, as well as several voice from the control module in the control module. From the control module controlled by the specific number of how many decisions. Generally control module can be divided into before and after control module, glass movements control module, electric rearview mirror control module, electric sunroof control module and electric seat control module. In addition to the main control module boxes around, since several other modules into systems and through LIN bus communication with the main control module to achieve various control functions, such as voice in the control module through LIN bus from the main control module to read all kinds of fault information to the voice of the driver and sends the information sent to the maximum security lock the car Control module for landing and taking off of the glass and read electric sunroof, lock car in the midway achieve glass skylight and the shut down automatically, but also electric mirrors and windows of the centralized control switch signal transmission through the LIN bus to the controller to achieve the corresponding control. Each module implementation of the specific power relay device can be used or intelligent power device, a smart power devices can reduce the volume control box, and has over-current, short-circuit protection and interrupted feedback, and other functions. System integration of fault detection and alarm functions and voice remote control, anti-theft features, and enhanced vehicle control of the intelligent, humane, simplify vehicle Harness, improve electric system reliability. Foundation framework: the basis of the framework of the entire system from the main control module, the front modules, car module consists of a total of three. Body control of the majority of its electrical, functional diagram, see the basic framework. Fourth, the Shanghai Tongji body with McNair Technology Co., Ltd. advantage CAN Bus System (1) simplification of the whole power supply system to facilitate electrical wiring Because of the change in control method and the use of the electronic switches, relays and canceled most Fusing silk. Vehicle Harness reduced by 20% to 40% (engine line essentially unchanged, the former Wai line reduced by 20% to 30%, the bottom line by 30% to 40%). (B) The safe and reliable performance Intelligent electronic modules used in the relay switch replaced, the drive to achieve non-contact, reduce electromagnetic interference, and extended service life. Since the return module used within the fuse to replace the fuse wire, with overload protection and automatic recovery functions. Fault diagnosis can be conducted, alarm and records. Electric is to ensure the reliability of the vehicle, and enhanced maintainability. Such as: filament url will remind drivers to replace. Switches send signals to the main control module through the current very low switching (mA level), significantly extend the service life of the switch. (C) Intelligent Control Add in the minimal hardware can be achieved where many intelligent functions. For example, the software can be realized through the headlamps delay shutdown function, does not have the automatic shutdown after defrosting actuator increase delay shutdown function, and can be detected battery voltage and low-voltage alarm automatic shutdown with high-power electrical function. Add a light sensor can achieve automatic control headlamps function. (D) highly scalable Every addition of a new electrical appliances, automobiles Harness must re-development. Using CAN bus, the new appliances can be easily articulated in the system, the need to change only a small amount of Harness. (5) simplify the production process and reduce the cost of production The bus system configuration flexibility, easy expansion, when modified to increase electrical appliances or vehicles, and only a small amount of software changes and Harness. Even in the development of new models, as long as doing a small amount of change also. (Vi) lower maintenance, maintenance costs The bus system onboard fault detection, alarm and recording functions, the vehicle electrical system maintenance and repair is very convenient. Vehicle plants can reduce maintenance personnel training and the purchase of equipment and other costs. V. Development Status and Prospects Overseas, the vehicle bus technology has been basically formed a unified standard hardware interface has been unified, chip has been established, mass production. Many of the current domestic automotive electronics manufacturers in the development of CAN bus system, all products are rolled out. For China, and it is a car-bus sunrise industry, has boundless prospects; Believe bus system in China would not be long before universal application.

CAR-A correct understanding of ABS

Before consumers buy cars, both have ABS (Anti-lock Braking System) as an important indicator. Along with technological development, at present, most of China's car has ABS as standard equipment. But for ABS understanding of the proper use and how many drivers is not very clear, even on ABS there have been some misunderstandings. Some drivers think that ABS braking distance is shortened devices, equipment ABS any road vehicles in the braking distance certainly not equipped than the ABS braking distance to short, or even that it was wrong on the road in the snow with the braking distance on the asphalt pavement in the braking distance is; Some drivers if equipped with ABS that, even in the rain or snow high-speed traffic on the roads, there will be no loss of control phenomenon. The current series of safe driving theme is correct understanding and use of ABS. ABS is not, as some people might think, greatly improve the physical properties of the limit. Strictly speaking, the main function of ABS in the physical limits of performance, ensure that brake when the vehicle itself maneuverability and stability. Application ABS ABS (Anti-lock Brake System) that is, "Anti-lock braking system," to maintain effective control of wheel rotation in the state and improve the stability of vehicle braking, poor road conditions and vehicle braking performance. Through the installation of the ABS wheel or in the drive shaft speed sensor continuously measured wheel speed, calculated by the computer then wheel slip ratio and the slip ratio and ideal compared to the increase or decrease Brake pressure decisions, orders implementing agencies promptly adjust brake pressure to maintain in the ideal state of the wheel brake. ABS first time in 1906, was awarded the patent in 1936 Bosch registered a motor vehicle wheels Locking prevent the "machinery" patent. Early designs all have the same problem: too complicated and vulnerable due to lead to failure, and that they operate too slowly. In 1947 the world's first set of ABS systems used on the B-47 bombers. Teldix company in 1964 started to study this project, the Bosch ABS study soon to take over all. Within two years, the first batch of test vehicles have ABS braking distance shortened with the function. Turning to the vehicles and stability were also assured, but the application was about 1,000 analog devices and safety switches, which means that a system known as the ABS electronic control unit reliability and durability of mass production is inadequate to satisfy the requirements needed to be improved. Bosch in the electronic engine management process of the development of the technology, digital technology and integrated circuits (ICs) to the advent of electronic components to reduce the number of 140. 1968 ABS started to look for the car. Since 1975 the United States Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 121, the adoption of many heavy trucks and buses equipped with ABS, brake system because many technical issues and truck industry's opposition, in 1978 withdrew this standard. The same year, Bosch, the world's first launch of the ABS electronic control systems, ABS 2 of this set will start the installation as a matching system configuration and assembly in the Mercedes - Mercedes-Benz S-Class car, and then soon equipped with the BMW 7 Series in the luxury sedan. During this period the United States after further study and ABS design work less, but Europe and Japan continue to manufacturer painstakingly researched and ABS. Enter After the 1980s, the United States imported cars equipped with ABS, the United States automobile factory to the United States automobile market, the ABS show new interest. Along with the rapid development of microelectronic technology and automobile traffic safety people on the strong demand of ABS devices in the world automobile industry has been further wide-scale application. In 1987 the United States about 3% of the cars equipped with ABS very reliable. In the ensuing time, the focus on research and development to simplify the system. In 1989, Bosch engineers succeeded in a mixed control unit directly attached to a hydraulic module. So they will be no need to connect the control unit and hydraulic module Harness, and need not plug, significantly reduced the overall weight of ABS 2E. Bosch engineers in 1993, the use of the new solenoid valve created ABS 5.0, and in later years developed version 5.3 and 5.7. A new generation of the main characteristics of ABS 8 is once again greatly reduced weight, reduced volume, increased memory, and an increase of more features such as electronic brake pressure distribution, which replaced the rear axle braking pressure to reduce the mechanical bodies. Then some auto industry analysts prediction proved true: By the mid-1990s, the majority of the world market for cars and trucks will be equipped with ABS. ABS function ABS's main role is to improve the vehicle's braking performance and improve traffic safety, and prevented in the process of braking wheels Locking (that is, stop rolling), thus ensuring that the driver can control in the braking, direction and to prevent rear axle sideslip. Its working principle is: emergency brake, mounted on the wheel rely on the high sensitivity of the wheel speed sensor, once found a wheel Locking, the computer immediately allows the control pressure regulator Brake Cylinder round of pressure relief, restoration of the wheel rotation to prevent wheel Locking purposes. ABS's work process actually "Locking - loosened - Locking - loosened" cycle process, so that vehicles still in a critical gap Locking rolling state, effectively overcome by the emergency brake when the vehicle wheels Locking deviation, sideslip, tail flick phenomena, such as to prevent uncontrolled body the occurrence. ABS types can be divided into mechanical and electronic-two. Mechanical ABS simple structure, the main use of its own internal structure to simple conditioning system dynamic effects. The working principle of a simple device, no sensor feedback to the road, such as friction and wheel speed signal, relying entirely on pre-defined data to work, whether it is water surface, ice or mud road pavement and good cement asphalt pavement, and its working methods is the same. Strictly speaking, this ABS can only be called "High braking system (Advanced Brake System)." At present, only some domestic pickups, and other low-end models still in use mechanical ABS. ABS is used mechanical components to the physical characteristics of the mechanical movements, the electronic-ABS is using computer analysis of the various data and the outcome of the operation. Electronic ABS by the wheel speed sensor, Harness, computers, ABS hydraulic pump, light, and other components constitute. Each wheel according to the wheel speed sensor signal, each computer on wheels respectively impose different dynamic system, so as to achieve scientific and rational distribution system dynamic effects. The ABS system for the first two systems. The so-called two ABS system that is installed in the two rear wheels on the car. As the two rear wheels of a common hydraulic brake pipe and a control valve, also known as a "single-channel control system." This system is based on two wheels after the adhesion of the state to the smaller wheel brake pressure selected, it was referred to as "low-election principle." In other words, the principle of using low-election of a rear-wheel ABS vehicles have Locking trend, the system only to the two rear wheels at the same time pressure relief. No view of the front wheel anti-lock function, thus, two systems difficult to achieve the best braking effect. Along with the development of related technologies, but a "three-channel control system", the system is based on two systems, the two front wheels of the pipeline by two separate independent control. Although rear-wheel or a "low-election principle," but as a result of the emergency brake to prevent rear axle steering function and the function of sideslip, so this modern ABS systems have the main features. So far, there are three such vehicles using the control channel ABS system. At present, the equipment in vehicles is the most common four-sensor four-channel ABS system, are independent of each wheel hydraulic pipeline and the solenoid valve control, we can achieve a single wheel independent control. Such a structure to achieve good anti-lock function. Out of ABS Mistakes ABS those in the very beginning of the misunderstanding, needs an explanation. If the car when Locking wheels in the braking, the car can be lateral adhesion is the minimum. At this time, due to road adhesion coefficient imbalance, the vehicle braking force imbalance, the imbalance suspension, tire pressure, the road bends, or bumpy slope and other factors may have occurred vehicle sideslip, tail flick or out of control. In addition, since the front wheel Locking vehicles, cars will lose steering ability. The excellent performance of a vehicle anti-lock brake system, brake when the vehicle wheels can slip rate control in 20% to 30%, under the wheels in such a state able to combine the relative power of the largest longitudinal and lateral grip, effectively guarantee that the vehicles will not happen out of control situation. In addition, the front wheels do not Locking in the circumstances, as have some grip, cars can be carried out in accordance with the wishes of the driver steering and thus control vehicles. In order to control wheel slip ratio in the ideal state, the stability of the pursuit vehicles may sacrifice some of the vertical system of power. Therefore, the ABS works, not on the road all the braking distance will be shortened. Icy road, as provided by the ground surface adhesion smaller than many. ABS only on the basis of this regulation adhesion vehicle braking force, the brake will not produce additional factors. Therefore, in the ice and snow on the roads than the braking distance can only say that when Locking wheels shorter than the normal braking distance on the roads or much longer. Actual road is very complicated, such as: road adhesion coefficient uneven road surface curvature or horizontal gradient, and even car tire pressure, and other car its own reasons, a number of factors can have a car when braking sideslip in the campaign trends, these factors are not ABS itself can be overcome. Therefore, if an icy road at excessive speed on the emergency brake, encountered one of the factors mentioned above, when the vehicle ground to provide centrifugal force greater than the maximum lateral force, so that vehicles will be formed out of control trend, and this is very dangerous. In short, any equipment is not omnipotent, the driver must pass their own initiative to achieve safe driving. Even the excellent performance of ABS and stability in the work of state vehicles is limited effect, especially on the road or snow on the roads, but should maintain a distance of the full, slow trip slowdown, we should not be dependent on ABS system. ABS use common sense Now all the passenger cars are basically the installation of the ABS system, the initiative to enhance the safety performance of vehicles play a very great role, but if used improperly, the effect will be little. Here, we use the ABS principle summarized in the "four to seven not." Fourth, we must 1. We should always stay brake pedal not relax in order to guarantee adequate and sustainable system, to enable ABS to function effectively. 2. To maintain adequate security from the car. Under normal circumstances, should not be lower than the minimum distance to 50 m, when the speed exceeds 50 km / h, with a distance of the smallest numerical same speed as 100 km / h for a distance of at least 100 m, 120km / h, the smallest for a distance of 120 m. 3. Prior to familiar with ABS, and make our own work on the ABS brake pedal jitter are prepared and adaptability. 4. Prior to read vehicle drivers manual, which will further understanding of the installation of ABS car provided by the manufacturers instructions. Not 7 1. ABS will not think that we can have arbitrary driving. ABS is not absolute insurance, and in high speed turning Drastic circumstances, if excessive vehicle braking too radical, it will still have a car sideslip. Therefore, even if your car with ABS, you still need to caution motorists. 2. Do not use the "sa" braking. Vehicles not equipped with ABS in the wet and slippery road conditions and high speed implemented under braking, the need for a "selectively" approach is safe braking purposes. After fitted with ABS and, as ABS braking force can be automatically adjusted, in the implementation of emergency braking, they can put in the end will not loosened stamping on the pedals, not to worry Locking wheels slipping, or they will greatly extend the braking distance. 3. ABS jitter not to be deterred. ABS at work, it will hear the noise, noise from the hydraulic control system of electromagnetic valves and hydraulic pump at work, and not think that the brake system defects and a panic, not to pin removed from the brake pedal, the brake pedal at this time still to death and Watch it. 4. Not to be ignored ABS indicator of the screening test. Under normal circumstances, according to Qualcomm ignition switch, the lights should be bright; After about three seconds automatically extinguished. This process is in essence an electronic control device in the self-inspection procedures by the wheel sensors, hydraulic control valve regulator for the electricity checks If this has not bright lights, the ABS defected. 5. ABS light is not extinguished when not panic. When the ABS failure in the lane, Anti-lock Braking System automatic braking system Circuit original linked to the original car braking system still work, but no ABS, attention to the maintenance on it. 6. ABS not secretly manipulate the computer unit. If the computer found fault, ABS should replace the entire unit. 7. For equipped with ABS, but that converted vehicles to enter the removable ABS brake pipe and the nut connecting module.

Photoelectric sensor and path based on the vehicle navigation system memory (1)

Introduction In response to the Ministry of Education on strengthening the college students the sense of innovation and the spirit of cooperation and innovation capability to the call of Culture, Tsinghua University automotive engineering team up actively participated in the first session "Freescale" Cup National Intelligent Vehicle Invitational college students. From December 2005 began to prepare for the last eight months, has been developed based on the photoelectric sensor 6 substituting the path identification programs, and developed a smart car simulation research platform, based on the proposed algorithm to the path memory and drive control strategy, in power management, noise suppression, driving distinctions all such aspects of the research work carried out by a large number of simulation tests, road tests and basic performance test, photoelectric sensor has been developed based on memory and the smart path to navigation systems, vehicle system for the excellent performance laid a solid foundation. This paper from the Smart car overall program, the path to identify options, and the drive to control and path in areas such as memory algorithm introduced. Second, the overall plan of smart cars Smart car system to Freescale's MC68S912DP256 at the core, by the power modules, sensor module, DC motor drive modules, steering motor control module, control parameter selection modules, SCM modules, and other components, as shown in figure 1. Smart car system operates from 1.6V, 5V, 7.2V combination of the three systems, of which 7.2 V used to drive motors and power steering gear shift, 5 V to speed sensors, photoelectric sensor and MCU reception of electricity, 1.6 V power supply to the glass . On-line control to facilitate the adjustment of parameters, but also set up a control parameter selection module, the keys can be set up through several, or a different procedure call control parameters to adapt to different venues terms. Figure 1 overall structure of the smart car Smart cars work model: photoelectric sensor detection circuit information, speed sensor detecting the current speed, battery voltage monitoring circuit battery voltage detection, and the importation of SCM information processing. Racing through the control algorithm to control orders issued through the steering servo motor drives the car and the trajectory and speed of real-time control. Smart car competition to obtain good results, model car chassis parameter optimization and hardware equipment reliability is very important. The front wheel positioning parameter optimization, servo arm of force to increase the focus position and chassis adjustment to the mechanical properties baby has a greater impact. Third, identify options and the path circuit design Path program is the first to identify the need to determine, there are the following issues. 1. Photoelectric identification or camera recognition; 2. How sensor with? How much spacing, shape how, single-row or double row; 3. The sensor can detect far forward; 4. Sensor signals using digital or analogue; 5. Circuit on how to achieve. As photoelectric identification program is simple and reliable, this paper used photoelectric identification programs. Fourth, digital and analogue photoelectric photoelectric Recognition Recognition Competition organizers asked for a maximum number of sensors 16, get rid of a speed sensor can be used to detect the path for the 15 sensors, and sensor allows the layout of the total width of 25 cm, if we adopt digital photoelectric sensor uniform distribution, the detection accuracy of the road can only reach about 17 mm This car is progressing very difficult process of achieving a high degree of control accuracy and response speed. In essence, the digital photoelectric sensor disadvantage lies in its path detection lost a large amount of information. Analog photoelectric sensor could theoretically be greatly improved path detection accuracy. Analog photoelectric sensors are luminous and receive certain cone angle conical space, its size and voltage sensors from the black lines marking the path of a quantitative relationship between distance: from the more recent black line, the lower the voltage, from the farther black lines, the higher the voltage (specific relationship with the models, as well as photoelectric the height), as shown in Figure 2. Figure 2 sensor voltage and offset distance relationship diagram Therefore, as long as the master of the sensor voltage - migration distance of relations, one can determine the size of the sensor voltage sensor with a black marker line distance (and not just a rough judgment whether the sensor on-line), then obtain body longitudinal axis line relative path marker line position, be the path for the distribution of information. According to real vehicle testing, can improve the accuracy of detection path to 1 mm. This sensor can guarantee that the information collected by the MCU can be accurately track information, so as to improve the precision control of the car provided a guarantee. 5, double-row forward with the design and In this paper the development of the intelligent vehicle performance simulation platform, the layout of the sensors conducted in-depth research. As to the steering, electrical and high-end cars are part of inertial delay from input to output needs a certain amount of time, and the sooner that the road in front of the information, the more they can reduce the input to the output from the delay. Detection car a certain distance in front of the track known as forward-looking, forward-looking in a certain area, the greater the vision sensor program, the speed limit will be higher, the process of moving its high-speed lines follow the guide also relatively high accuracy, the system's overall response to a better performance. Therefore Path Recognition module designed to form a lifted angle with the ground, the front sensors for forward-looking, rear sensors on the track starting point to identify, measure body longitudinal axis line with the centerline of the track bias slope to facilitate better adjust vehicles gesture. To ensure the greatest possible ground clearance photoelectric sensor where there are still large enough luminous intensity, we used high-current pulse triggering control luminescence method. According to the experimental test, in light of the luminous, after approximately 0.5 A of current. If 15 sensors, the instantaneous current of 7.5 A. Such a big battery voltage currents will certainly have a certain impact, to the detriment of the normal operation of the whole system. So before and after the row will Luminescence Sensor time stagger through two sets of trigger circuit to control light. This will effectively reduce the luminous infrared luminescence when the battery voltage shocks. Introduction In response to the Ministry of Education on strengthening the college students the sense of innovation and the spirit of cooperation and innovation capability to the call of Culture, Tsinghua University automotive engineering team up actively participated in the first session "Freescale" Cup National Intelligent Vehicle Invitational college students. From December 2005 began to prepare for the last eight months, has been developed based on the photoelectric sensor 6 substituting the path identification programs, and developed a smart car simulation research platform, based on the proposed algorithm to the path memory and drive control strategy, in power management, noise suppression, driving distinctions all such aspects of the research work carried out by a large number of simulation tests, road tests and basic performance test, photoelectric sensor has been developed based on memory and the smart path to navigation systems, vehicle system for the excellent performance laid a solid foundation. This paper from the Smart car overall program, the path to identify options, and the drive to control and path in areas such as memory algorithm introduced. Second, the overall plan of smart cars Smart car system to Freescale's MC68S912DP256 at the core, by the power modules, sensor module, DC motor drive modules, steering motor control module, control parameter selection modules, SCM modules, and other components, as shown in figure 1. Smart car system operates from 1.6V, 5V, 7.2V combination of the three systems, of which 7.2 V used to drive motors and power steering gear shift, 5 V to speed sensors, photoelectric sensor and MCU reception of electricity, 1.6 V power supply to the glass . On-line control to facilitate the adjustment of parameters, but also set up a control parameter selection module, the keys can be set up through several, or a different procedure call control parameters to adapt to different venues terms. Figure 1 overall structure of the smart car Smart cars work model: photoelectric sensor detection circuit information, speed sensor detecting the current speed, battery voltage monitoring circuit battery voltage detection, and the importation of SCM information processing. Racing through the control algorithm to control orders issued through the steering servo motor drives the car and the trajectory and speed of real-time control. Smart car competition to obtain good results, model car chassis parameter optimization and hardware equipment reliability is very important. The front wheel positioning parameter optimization, servo arm of force to increase the focus position and chassis adjustment to the mechanical properties baby has a greater impact. Third, identify options and the path circuit design Path program is the first to identify the need to determine, there are the following issues. 1. Photoelectric identification or camera recognition; 2. How sensor with? How much spacing, shape how, single-row or double row; 3. The sensor can detect far forward; 4. Sensor signals using digital or analogue; 5. Circuit on how to achieve. As photoelectric identification program is simple and reliable, this paper used photoelectric identification programs. Fourth, digital and analogue photoelectric photoelectric Recognition Recognition Competition organizers asked for a maximum number of sensors 16, get rid of a speed sensor can be used to detect the path for the 15 sensors, and sensor allows the layout of the total width of 25 cm, if we adopt digital photoelectric sensor uniform distribution, the detection accuracy of the road can only reach about 17 mm This car is progressing very difficult process of achieving a high degree of control accuracy and response speed. In essence, the digital photoelectric sensor disadvantage lies in its path detection lost a large amount of information. Analog photoelectric sensor could theoretically be greatly improved path detection accuracy. Analog photoelectric sensors are luminous and receive certain cone angle conical space, its size and voltage sensors from the black lines marking the path of a quantitative relationship between distance: from the more recent black line, the lower the voltage, from the farther black lines, the higher the voltage (specific relationship with the models, as well as photoelectric the height), as shown in Figure 2. Figure 2 sensor voltage and offset distance relationship diagram Therefore, as long as the master of the sensor voltage - migration distance of relations, one can determine the size of the sensor voltage sensor with a black marker line distance (and not just a rough judgment whether the sensor on-line), then obtain body longitudinal axis line relative path marker line position, be the path for the distribution of information. According to real vehicle testing, can improve the accuracy of detection path to 1 mm. This sensor can guarantee that the information collected by the MCU can be accurately track information, so as to improve the precision control of the car provided a guarantee. 5, double-row forward with the design and In this paper the development of the intelligent vehicle performance simulation platform, the layout of the sensors conducted in-depth research. As to the steering, electrical and high-end cars are part of inertial delay from input to output needs a certain amount of time, and the sooner that the road in front of the information, the more they can reduce the input to the output from the delay. Detection car a certain distance in front of the track known as forward-looking, forward-looking in a certain area, the greater the vision sensor program, the speed limit will be higher, the process of moving its high-speed lines follow the guide also relatively high accuracy, the system's overall response to a better performance. Therefore Path Recognition module designed to form a lifted angle with the ground, the front sensors for forward-looking, rear sensors on the track starting point to identify, measure body longitudinal axis line with the centerline of the track bias slope to facilitate better adjust vehicles gesture. To ensure the greatest possible ground clearance photoelectric sensor where there are still large enough luminous intensity, we used high-current pulse triggering control luminescence method. According to the experimental test, in light of the luminous, after approximately 0.5 A of current. If 15 sensors, the instantaneous current of 7.5 A. Such a big battery voltage currents will certainly have a certain impact, to the detriment of the normal operation of the whole system. So before and after the row will Luminescence Sensor time stagger through two sets of trigger circuit to control light. This will effectively reduce the luminous infrared luminescence when the battery voltage shocks.